Restore behavior for detecting only localhost, and no limit match. Fixes #52152 (#52172)

* Restore behavior for detecting only localhost, and no limit match. Fixes #52152

* Add test for non-matching limit

test/integration/targets/inventory/aliases

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+shippable/posix/group3

test/integration/targets/inventory/playbook.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+- hosts: all
+  gather_facts: false
+  tasks:
+    - ping:

test/integration/targets/inventory/runme.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+set -x
+
+# https://github.com/ansible/ansible/issues/52152
+# Ensure that non-matching limit causes failure with rc 1
+ansible-playbook -i ../../inventory --limit foo playbook.yml
+if [ "$?" != "1" ]; then
+    echo "Non-matching limit should cause failure"
+    exit 1
+fi